Internal-combustion engine



L. K. BRAREN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 6. 1926 9 z I y p 7 1 V u v Z H y 4 I? Patented June 21 1927.

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Application 111m January s, 1926, Serial No. 79,655, and in Germany January 14, 1112a.

This invention relates tojinternal combustion engines of the Diesel or semi-Diesel type where the fuelis injected into the combustion chamber at or about the end of compression and has for its object a very thorough mixtuie of the injected fuel and the cog igressed ir is object is accomplished by giving the combustion chamber the shape of a torus at 9 the end. of compression and inducing. a

strong current of the compressed air past the opening of the centrally located fuel injector whereby each taken alon an 5 fresh air. In

tion of the fuel still further small apertures have been rovided opening to the injecting 5 pass e where y a quantity of the hot compressed air is drawn in injector fashion into the spray of fuel causing a better spreading and earlier i 'tion of the fuel. The injector is improve by the shape of these apertures opening in funnel shape against the direction ofthe rotating air.

' The above and" various other improvemehts will be hereinafter fully described and claimed. In order that this invention maybe more readily understood reference is made to the accompanying sheet of drawings which shows how the invention may be carried into practical efi'ect.

Fig. 1 is a,section-thro ugh the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine I with the piston near the upper dead center.

Fi 2 and 3 show -sim1lar combustion cham ers. Y

. Fig.4 is a view of the end of the fuel injector on an enlarged scale.

I Fig. 5 is a cross section through the injector according to the line A- A on Fig- -ure 4.

' 'The piston :1. is shown in thethree Figures 1, 2 and 3 near the upper dead center and forms with the cylinder 2 or the cylind'enc'ovenas the-case may be-a torus or a space of revolution generated by a ring always-finds its share of i shaped area 3. The piston 1- still moving upwards. in, the direction ofthe arrowcomresses the air in the annular outer space 4 tween the cylinder head and the piston to a greater degree than in the torus. 3 canst ereby a sharp current of auto flow article of' fuel issuing isorder to lmprove the distribumm the combustion chamber from all sides radially inwards. The projecting point of the centrally arranged fuel injector 5 is of conical shape and deflects the in rushing air downwards where a similar point curves the current into a s iral shape asshown' by the-arrows in the dlfierent figures. The direction of rotation in relation to thefuel injector is reversed in the arrangement shown in Figure 3. The fuel issuing in conical shape from the injector crossesthe current of air and'is taken along by it thus bringing always fresh air together with each new particle of fuel. Upon reverslng the movement of the piston the direction of the current is changed and the air flows radially outwards past the injector.

The injector 5 is provided with apertures 6 which connect the bore '7 ofthe injector with the combustion chamber in order to pern'nt the fuel passing through this bore with great speed to draw in a certain amount of airt The bore .of the injector ofccourse is made with increasing cross section in order to improve this effect; The apertures 6 are fashioned with decreasing section to gather in a larger quantity of air. Ali 8 furthermore has been provided to catch part of the rotating air and force it through the apertures.

Having now particularl described and ascertained the nature oft is my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

'1. In internal combustion engines of the type where the fuel is injected at or near the end of compression a piston,-a cylinder, and means'for" lnjecting fuel located 'centrall in the head of said cylinder, said piston an the head of said cylinder at the end of com ress1on forming a combustion chamber 0 the sha e of a torus surrounding said fuelv in- I jectlng means and also a flat annular space surrounding said toms and extending tangentially to said torus.

2. In internal combustion engines of the type where the fuel is injectedat or near the of an annular ring, with the -face of said 2 piston and the end of said cylinderheadineluding a ring shaped flat space extending tanefentially to said body of rotation, and a fu injector located in e axis of said body of rotation.

atfip'e where the fuel is injected at or near e end of compression, 'a cylinder, a P1815011 reciprocating in said cylinder, a. combustion chamber between the face of said piston. and .7 the head of said cylinder of the 'sha of a torus, the outer annular face of sai .piston I and of said cylinder head formin a flat ring and extending tangentially to t e circumference of said torus shaped combustion chamber substantially in a radial direction, and means for injecting fuel located in the axis of said combustion chamber.

type wherethe fuel is injected at or near the end of compression, a cylinder, 9, piston re-.

ciprocating in said cylinder, a recess in the central portion of the face of said piston, said recess'at the end of compression forming a torus with the head of said cylinder,

the annular rest of the .face of said piston t at the end of compression extendin gentially to'the circumferencepf sai torus tan- . of said cylinder. h. In internal combustion engines of the in a'radial direction, and a fuel injector arranged centrally to said torus in the cover 5. In internal combustion en es of the t pe where thefuel isinjecte t e. end of compression a cylinder, a piston reciprocating 'in said cylinder, a combustion chamberbetween the face of said piston and the head of said cylinder, said combustion at or near chamber taking on the form of a torus with Y the piston nearing the upper dead center the outer annularface of said piston and said 0 linder head extending to sai torus shaped combustion chamber, a fuel injector located in the head of said cylinder in the axis of said torus, shaped com- Lin-internal combustion engines of the bustion chamber, and pa in said injector ,formed. to conduct air forced from said ring shaped space into saidtorus into the bore of said injector this action being enhanced'by the fuel passing quickly through this bore.

In testimony signature.

LORENZ KONRADBRAREN.

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